COURT OF APPEALS DECISION DATED AND RELEASED May 2, 1996 |
NOTICE |
A party may file with the
Supreme Court a petition to review an adverse decision by the Court of
Appeals. See § 808.10 and
Rule 809.62, Stats. |
This opinion is subject to
further editing. If published, the
official version will appear in the bound volume of the Official Reports. |
No. 95-1483
STATE
OF WISCONSIN IN COURT OF
APPEALS
DISTRICT IV
EDDIE B. ROBINSON,
Plaintiff-Appellant,
v.
HAROLD WILSMAN and
RICK BASTEN,
Defendants-Respondents.
APPEAL from an order of
the circuit court for Dane County:
DANIEL R. MOESER, Judge. Affirmed.
Before Gartzke, P.J.,
Dykman and Vergeront, JJ.
PER
CURIAM. Eddie Robinson appeals from an order dismissing his
personal injury claims against Harold Wilsman and Rick Basten. The issue is whether the defendants are
immune from suit under the general immunity extended to state employees for
negligence in performing discretionary acts.
We conclude that the undisputed facts establish that Wilsman and Basten
are immune, and we therefore affirm.
When injured, Robinson
was an inmate at the Green Bay Correctional Institution. Wilsman was the recreational director at the
institution and Basten was a recreational assistant. For three years Robinson had worked in the recreational unit
performing various chores assigned by Wilsman.
When injured, Robinson was retrieving ping-pong balls at Wilsman's
direction and under his supervision from the roof of music booths located near
the ping-pong table. The booths were
nine-feet high and had a very flimsy roof.
To retrieve the balls, Robinson climbed up a six-foot ladder leaning
against a more stable structure and swept balls to the floor with a broom. To reach some of the distant balls, he
leaned over and placed his weight on the roof of the music booths. The roof collapsed and he fell and was
injured.
Wilsman reported that
the ball-retrieving operation had been going on for ten to fifteen years with
no previous injuries. Robinson himself
had performed the operation two or three times before. The ladder was placed against a guitar
storage cabinet which had a roof that was strong enough to support someone
climbing onto it. According to
Robinson, he was not aware that the roof of the music booths was so flimsy, and
neither Wilsman nor Basten, who was also present, warned him that he should not
put his weight on the roof.
The trial court dismissed
Robinson's claims on summary judgment, holding that Wilsman and Basten were
immune from suit. On appeal, Robinson
acknowledges that, with certain limited exceptions, state employees are
generally immune from suit for their discretionary acts. C.L. v. Olson, 143 Wis.2d 701,
717-18, 422 N.W.2d 614, 620 (1988).
However, one of these exceptions is for certain acts of nongovernmental
discretion and Robinson contends that it should apply to such acts as
overseeing the retrieval of ping-pong balls.
Robinson also contends that Wilsman and Basten are liable because they
allowed him to confront a compelling and known danger, and, under Cords
v. Anderson, 80 Wis.2d 525, 541-42, 259 N.W.2d 672, 679-80 (1977),
therefore had a nondiscretionary duty to warn him of the flimsy roof.
We decide motions for
summary judgment in the same manner as the trial court and without deference to
its decision. Schaller v. Marine
Nat'l Bank, 131 Wis.2d 389, 394, 388 N.W.2d 645, 648 (Ct. App.
1986). Summary judgment is appropriate
if, as here, the material facts are not in dispute and permit only one
reasonable inference. Wagner v.
Dissing, 141 Wis.2d 931, 940, 416 N.W.2d 655, 658 (Ct. App. 1987).
Governmental immunity
extends to the supervisory acts of Wilsman and Basten while Robinson retrieved
the ping-pong balls. Only acts of
medical malpractice by state employees fall under the exception for
nongovernmental discretion. Stann
v. Waukesha County, 161 Wis.2d 808, 818, 468 N.W.2d 775, 779 (Ct. App.
1991). We have previously considered
whether to overrule Stann and have declined to do so. See Kimps v. Hill, 187
Wis.2d 508, 516, 523 N.W.2d 281, 285-86 (Ct. App. 1994), aff'd, No.
92-2736 (Wis. April 10, 1996).
Wilsman and Basten
cannot be held liable for disregarding a compelling, known danger. Balls had been retrieved from the roof of
the music booths for ten to fifteen years with no accidents. Robinson had worked for Wilsman for some
three years and had retrieved balls before without incident. A safe, alternative method for retrieval
existed that did not require placing one's weight on the roof of the music
booths. Under those circumstances,
there was no "absolute, certain, or imperative duty" to warn
Robinson. See Cords,
80 Wis.2d at 541, 259 N.W.2d at 679-80 (the question is whether the defendant
had an absolute, certain or imperative duty to warn of dangerous condition).
By the Court.—Order
affirmed.
This opinion will not be
published. See Rule 809.23(1)(b)5, Stats.