COURT OF APPEALS DECISION DATED AND RELEASED October 17, 1996 |
NOTICE |
A party may file with the
Supreme Court a petition to review an adverse decision by the Court of
Appeals. See § 808.10 and
Rule 809.62, Stats. |
This opinion is subject to
further editing. If published, the
official version will appear in the bound volume of the Official Reports. |
No. 95-1042
STATE
OF WISCONSIN IN COURT OF
APPEALS
DISTRICT IV
STATE OF WISCONSIN EX
REL.
GARY E. ANDRASHKO,
Petitioner-Appellant,
v.
GARY R. MCCAUGHTRY,
Respondent-Respondent.
APPEAL from an order of
the circuit court for Dodge County:
THOMAS W. WELLS, Judge. Reversed
and cause remanded with directions.
Before Eich, C.J.,
Vergeront, J., and Robert D. Sundby, Reserve Judge.
PER
CURIAM. Gary Andrashko appeals from an order of the trial
court, which determined that although the Department of Corrections failed to
follow its own rules at a major conduct hearing, the error was not
prejudicial. The court sustained the
adjustment committee's finding that Andrashko was guilty of violating Wis. Adm. Code §§ DOC 303.24
(disobeying orders); 303.25 (disrespect) and 303.511 (being in an unassigned
area). Because we conclude that (1) the
admitted errors were prejudicial; and (2) Andrashko failed to receive proper
notice of his hearing, we reverse.
Andrashko worked in the
laundry department at Waupun Correctional Institution. On August 5, 1994, he took a pair of pants
to the "auto-tag department."
Although no party enlightened this court, we surmise there is an ongoing
relationship between laundry and auto-tag which requires passing garments back
and forth.
The parties disagree on
whether Andrashko had permission to be in auto-tag. Andrashko claims he took the pants to auto-tag by direct orders
of Sergeant McCarthy, his supervisor.
He also claims that an "Officer Jill," last name unknown, who
was stationed in auto-tag, had knowledge of his right to be in auto-tag with
the pants. However, another officer,
Sergeant Core, did not believe that Andrashko had permission to be there. He challenged Andrashko, who replied,
"What are you trying to be some kind of super cop." Sergeant Core contacted Sergeant McCarthy, who
told Sergeant Core that Andrashko did not have his permission to be in
auto-tag. Sergeant Core then wrote the
conduct report that underlies this appeal.
On August 5, 1994,
Andrashko was placed in temporary lock-up (TLU) and was appointed a staff advocate
named Chuck Pearce. On August 11, 1994,
Andrashko designated inmate Hunter and Sergeant McCarthy as his two
witnesses. On August 16, Andrashko
requested that Sergeant McCarthy be removed from his witness list and replaced
with two others, inmate Funk and "Officer `Jill,' Auto Tag."
On August 17, 1994,
Andrashko wrote to Warden McCaughtry and the adjustment committee, asking them
to postpone the hearing and replace Pearce as his advocate. Andrashko stated he was dissatisfied with
Pearce because Pearce refused to investigate and interview eyewitnesses. Andrashko indicated that, because of his TLU
status, he was unable to "perform any investigatory functions on my own,
[and] I therefore need an advocate who will assist me in marshalling evidence,
interviewing witnesses, and other aspects vital to preparing and presenting a
defense at my hearing...."
Andrashko received no
response to his requests, and the hearing occurred on August 25, 1994. The adjustment committee found Andrashko
guilty of the three charges over his objection regarding his requests, and the
warden affirmed the decision. The trial
court granted Andrashko's petition for certiorari.
Judicial review of
certiorari actions is limited to determining whether the administrative hearing
committee kept within its jurisdiction, whether it proceeded on a correct
theory of law, whether its action was arbitrary, oppressive or unreasonable and
represented its will and not its judgment, and whether the evidence was such
that the committee might reasonably make the determination in question. As to this last question, the test is
whether reasonable minds could arrive at the same conclusion reached by the
administrative tribunal. State ex
rel. Brookside Poultry Farms, Inc. v. Jefferson County Bd. of Adjustment,
131 Wis.2d 101, 120, 388 N.W.2d 593, 600 (1986); see also Van Ermen v.
DHSS, 84 Wis.2d 57, 64, 267 N.W.2d 17, 20 (1978) (same standard applies
on appellate review).
A reviewing court on
certiorari does not weigh the evidence presented to the adjustment
committee. Id. at 64, 267
N.W.2d at 20. Our inquiry is limited to
whether any reasonable view of the evidence supports the committee's
decision. State ex rel. Jones v.
Franklin, 151 Wis.2d 419, 425, 444 N.W.2d 738, 741 (Ct. App. 1989).
As the trial court
found, it is undisputed that DOC ignored Andrashko's request for postponement
and request for change of advocate.
This was improper. Specifically,
Wis. Adm. Code § DOC
303.76(3) provides that an inmate may request additional time to prepare for a
hearing "and the security director shall grant the request unless there is
good reason to deny it."
Similarly, Wis. Adm. Code
§ DOC 303.78(1)(c) provides that if an inmate objects to assignment of a
particular advocate because the advocate has a conflict of interest, "the
superintendent shall assign a different staff member to serve as the inmate's
advocate."
Although the trial court
correctly found that DOC failed to adhere to these provisions, it found that
failure was not prejudicial because "[t]he two inmate substitute witnesses
were workers in the auto tag shop where the offenses occurred; their testimony,
at best, would have been cumulative to the testimony of Inmate Hunter."
We disagree that no
prejudice attached. The trial court's
finding is contradicted by the record.
First, the substitute witnesses were not both inmates. One was "Officer `Jill,'" who was
alleged to be an officer regularly stationed in auto-tag. As Andrashko cogently points out,
"[H]er status as an officer affords much credibility to [p]etitioner's
defense." Second, inmate Hunter
was not an auto-tag employee, but was stationed in the laundry. Thus, the testimony of auto-tag employee
inmate Funk (the substitute witness Andrashko requested) would not necessarily
have been cumulative to that of laundry employee inmate Hunter.
We conclude that the
adjustment committee's failure to honor Andrashko's requests was a prejudicial
violation of Wis. Adm. Code
§§ DOC 303.76(3) and 303.78(1)(c), and was therefore
"unreasonable." Brookside,
131 Wis.2d at 120, 388 N.W.2d at 600.
Andrashko also argues
that he had no notice of his hearing.
The trial court found that Andrashko was informed that his hearing would
be held not sooner than two days and not later than twenty-one days after he
received notice, and this complied with all the notice he was due under Saenz
v. Murphy, 153 Wis.2d 660, 681, 451 N.W.2d 780, 788 (Ct. App. 1989), rev'd
on other grounds 162 Wis.2d 54, 469 N.W.2d 611 (1991). We disagree that Saenz
remains good law. Livesey v.
Copps Corp., 90 Wis.2d 577, 581, 280 N.W.2d 339, 341 (Ct. App. 1979)
(we are bound by Wisconsin Supreme Court precedent).
In Irby v. Macht,
184 Wis.2d 831, 845, 522 N.W.2d 9, 15 (1994), cert. denied, 115 S. Ct.
590 (1994), our supreme court enumerated the "procedures inmates must
be afforded with respect to disciplinary hearings." Among these "must"-have
procedures, the court specifically read into Wis.
Adm. Code § DOC 303.81(9) a requirement that "inmates must be
given notice of the hearing's time ...." Id.
(Emphasis added.) Thus, a bare
form notice that a hearing would be held between two and twenty-one days of a
conduct report does not comply with Wis.
Adm. Code § DOC 303.81(9) and is "unreasonable." Brookside, 131 Wis.2d at 120,
388 N.W.2d at 600.
Because we conclude that
the adjustment committee erred in three major ways, we reverse on these grounds
and need not consider the remainder of Andrashko's arguments. Sweet v. Berge, 113 Wis.2d 61,
67, 334 N.W.2d 559, 562 (Ct. App. 1983).
We remand to the trial court, which shall order the necessary relief for
Andrashko. Cf. State ex
rel. Lomax v. Leik, 154 Wis.2d 735, 741, 454 N.W.2d 18, 21 (Ct. App.
1990).
By the Court.—Order
reversed and cause remanded with directions.
This opinion will not be
published. See Rule 809.23(1)(b)5, Stats.