COURT OF APPEALS DECISION DATED AND RELEASED JUNE 13, 1995 |
NOTICE |
A party may file with the
Supreme Court a petition to review an adverse decision by the Court of
Appeals. See § 808.10 and Rule 809.62(1), Stats. |
This opinion is subject to
further editing. If published, the
official version will appear in the bound volume of the Official Reports. |
No. 94-2489
STATE
OF WISCONSIN IN COURT OF
APPEALS
DISTRICT III
ANGELA VAN ESS,
Plaintiff-Respondent,
v.
BOARD OF REGENTS OF
THE
UNIV. OF WISCONSIN
SYSTEM,
UNIV. OF WISCONSIN
SYSTEM
ADMINIS. BOARD OF
REGENTS,
Defendant-Appellant,
DR. MUSA S. KAMARA,
ROBERT SEVERSON,
BRIAN HELLER,
DENNIS PURDUE,
JEFFREY HARDY,
BONNIE HANSON
and SECURITY LIFE
INSURANCE
COMPANY OF AMERICA,
STUDENT
ASSURANCE SERVICES,
Defendants.
APPEAL from an order of
the circuit court for Eau Claire County:
BENJAMIN D. PROCTOR, Judge. Reversed
and cause remanded with directions.
Before Cane, P.J.,
LaRocque and Myse, JJ.
PER
CURIAM. The Board of Regents for the University of
Wisconsin System appeals an order that denied the Board's motion for summary
judgment. Angela Van Ess sued the Board
for injuries she suffered when a stool collapsed under her in a classroom at
the University of Wisconsin, Eau Claire.
The Board sought summary judgment on the ground that sovereign immunity
protected it from this class of tort lawsuits.
The trial court ruled that the legislature had consented to permitting
litigants to sue the Board, thereby abrogating the Board's common law sovereign
immunity, by enacting the notice of claim statute setting preconditions for
lawsuits against state officers and employees.
See § 893.82, Stats. On appeal, the Board argues that the notice
of claim statute does not constitute a legislative consent to suit and abrogate
the Board's immunity.
In response, Van Ess
argues that the notice of claim statute does constitute a legislative consent
for litigants to sue the Board. She
also argues that the Board has forfeited its formerly held sovereign immunity by
virtue of the fact that it now qualifies as an "independent going
concern," having acquired new powers under § 36.11, Stats., that amount to
"independent proprietary functions and powers." The trial court correctly denied summary
judgment if there were disputes of material fact or if the Board did not
deserve judgment as a matter of law. Powalka
v. State Mut. Life Assur. Co., 53 Wis.2d 513, 518, 192 N.W.2d 852, 854
(1972). We conclude that the Board does
not qualify as an "independent going concern" and that the notice of
claim statute did not legislatively abrogate the Board's sovereign
immunity. We therefore reverse the
trial court order and remand the matter with directions to dismiss the Board
from the lawsuit.
Neither of Van Ess'
arguments barred summary judgment.
First, we have previously ruled that the Board of Regents enjoys
sovereign immunity. See Graney
v. Board of Regents, 92 Wis.2d 745, 750-51, 286 N.W.2d 138, 142 (Ct.
App. 1979). The Graney
court held that the Board did not function as an "independent going
concern"—a variety of state agency that lacks sovereign immunity. Graney also implicitly held
that the "independent going concern" standard is basically a
restatement of the "independent proprietary functions and powers"
standard. In other words, state
agencies that possess such "independent proprietary functions and
powers" have the attributes of and qualify as "independent going
concerns." We reject Van Ess'
claim that § 36.11, Stats.,
requires otherwise. We see nothing in
§ 36.11 that grants the Board functions or powers of a nature and degree
sufficient to qualify as "independent proprietary functions and
powers" under Graney.
As a consequence, the Board continues to not qualify as an
"independent going concern."
The legislature therefore forfeited none of the Board's sovereign
immunity by enacting § 36.11.
Second, the Wisconsin
Supreme Court has held that notice of claim statutes do not implicitly strip
the state or state agencies of sovereign immunity. See Fiala v. Voight, 93 Wis.2d 337, 346-47,
286 N.W.2d 824, 829-30 (1980). Rather,
such statutes are sovereign immunity neutral, in the absence of an express
legislative declaration to the contrary.
They simply furnish a condition precedent to suits against state
officers and employees, who have no sovereign immunity. We see no substantive difference between the
notice of claim statute the supreme court examined in Fiala and
the statute the trial court considered in denying the Board's summary judgment
motion. As a result, Fiala
controls, and the Board continued to enjoy the immunity that the sovereign has
always enjoyed under the common law. In
sum, the trial court should have granted the Board summary judgment dismissing
it from Van Ess' lawsuit.
By the Court.—Order
reversed and cause remanded with directions to dismiss the Board from the
lawsuit.
This opinion will not be
published. See Rule 809.23(1)(b)5, Stats.