COURT OF APPEALS DECISION DATED AND RELEASED May 16, 1996 |
NOTICE |
A party may file with the
Supreme Court a petition to review an adverse decision by the Court of
Appeals. See § 808.10 and
Rule 809.62, Stats. |
This opinion is subject to
further editing. If published, the
official version will appear in the bound volume of the Official Reports. |
No. 94-1579
STATE
OF WISCONSIN IN COURT OF
APPEALS
DISTRICT IV
STATE OF WISCONSIN EX
REL.
LAMONTE SIMMONS,
Petitioner-Appellant,
v.
JEFFREY ENDICOTT,
Respondent-Respondent.
APPEAL from an order of
the circuit court for Columbia County:
DANIEL S. GEORGE, Judge. Affirmed.
Before Gartzke, P.J.,
Dykman and Vergeront, JJ.
PER
CURIAM. Lamonte Simmons appeals from an order whereby the
trial court affirmed a decision of the Adjustment Committee at Columbia
Correctional Institution. Simmons
argues he was denied his right to confront the witnesses against him. He also argues that he was found guilty on
the basis of informant statements which should not have been admitted because
they are unsworn; that one of the statements was incorrectly abridged, with the
effect that important evidence (presumably exonerating him) was omitted from
the statement as prepared; and that the adjustment committee acted improperly,
convicting him on insufficient evidence.
For the reasons set forth below, we affirm.
STANDARD OF REVIEW
Judicial review of certiorari
actions is limited to determining whether the administrative hearing committee
kept within its jurisdiction, whether it proceeded on a correct theory of law,
whether its action was arbitrary, oppressive or unreasonable and represented
its will and not its judgment, and whether the evidence was such that the
committee might reasonably make the determination in question. State ex rel. Brookside Poultry Farms,
Inc. v. Jefferson County Bd. of Adjustment, 131 Wis.2d 101, 120, 388
N.W.2d 593, 600-01 (1986). As to this
last issue, the test is whether reasonable minds could arrive at the same
conclusion reached by the administrative tribunal. Id., 388 N.W.2d at 601. A reviewing court on certiorari does not weigh the
evidence presented to the adjustment committee. Van Ermen v. DHSS, 84 Wis.2d 57, 64, 267 N.W.2d 17,
20 (1978). Our inquiry is limited to
whether any reasonable view of the evidence supports the committee's
decision. State ex rel. Jones v.
Franklin, 151 Wis.2d 419, 425, 444 N.W.2d 738, 741 (Ct. App.
1989).
BACKGROUND
After an attempt was
made on the life of the warden at Columbia Correctional Institution, prison
personnel interviewed various inmates in an attempt to discover whether there
was an underlying conspiracy. As a result
of these interviews, an inmate indicated that Lamonte Simmons was part of a
plot to create a fight with other inmates which would divert the guards'
attention from the planned assault and murder of the warden. Another inmate confirmed that such a plot
existed, thus corroborating the first inmate's statement. These interviews were transcribed. One transcript was sworn to at the time it
was made, the other is unsworn.
However, the one sworn at time of making was not transcribed and sworn
to in statement form as required by Wis.
Adm. Code § DOC
303.86.
By major conduct report,
Simmons was charged with battery, aiding and abetting, contrary to Wis. Adm. Code § DOC 303.12. Charges of incitement to riot and conspiracy
were brought, but dismissed, and Simmons was found guilty of aiding and
abetting a battery upon the warden.
Simmons unsuccessfully appealed to the trial court, and now appeals to
us.
ANALYSIS
Simmons first appears to
argue that his constitutional rights were abridged because he was not allowed
to confront the witnesses against him.
We reject this argument. Simmons
never requested any witnesses to appear at his hearing, although he seeks to
evade this fundamental problem by asserting that his hearing advocate was
ineffective. However, he did not
develop the ineffective assistance of an advocate argument. It is not the job of the court of appeals to
supply argument and legal research to an appellant who raises unsupported
claims. Cf. State v. Waste
Management, 81 Wis.2d 555, 564, 261 N.W.2d 147, 151, cert. denied,
439 U.S. 865 (1978) ("[a]n appellate court is not a performing bear,
required to dance to each and every tune played on appeal").
Simmons next argues that
because the statements are unsworn, they were improperly used against him. We reject this argument also. Wisconsin
Adm. Code § DOC 303.86(4), as well as State ex rel. Staples
v. DHSS, 115 Wis.2d 363, 370, 340 N.W.2d 194, 198 (1983), make clear
that a statement made under oath and adequately corroborated can be used in
lieu of live testimony where there is a danger that the witness might be
subjected to risk of bodily harm for testifying in person. The Wisconsin Supreme Court has recently held
that where a litigant complains that he has been prejudiced by lack of access
to confidential records, Wisconsin appellate courts may determine whether the
error was harmless or otherwise by an in camera inspection of the
confidential records. State v.
Speese, No. 93-0443, slip op. at 3
(Wis. Mar. 20, 1996).
We have fully inspected
the entire, unabridged confidential informant's statements in this appeal. While we agree that they are not sworn to in
the form required by the Administrative Code, both contain such unmistakable
indicia of reliability that we conclude that Simmons's lack of access to the
entire statements was harmless error. Id.
at 3.
Simmons argues that one
of the statements contains omissions, and he appears to believe these omissions
prejudiced him. We have compared the
complete statements made by the informants to the abridged statements made
available to Simmons. We conclude that
the abridgements were fair, and that nothing essential or exculpatory was
omitted.
Simmons argues, in
essence, that the confidential witness statements are uncorroborated. He places great weight on the fact that one
witness claims that a "hit list" existed, and another witness does
not mention the "hit list."
However, Simmons mistakes the nature of the corroboration required. It is not necessary that each witness echo
exactly the details provided by the other.
Rather, a statement can be corroborated by other evidence that
substantially corroborates the facts alleged.
Wis. Adm. Code § DOC
303.86(4). This rule protects the due
process requirement that the committee rely upon reliable confidential
information. See Wells v.
Israel, 854 F.2d 995, 998-99 (7th Cir. 1988). As stated above, we have fully examined the complete statements
made by the confidential witnesses. The
statements corroborate one another, despite the lack of specific reference to a
"hit list" in the corroborating statement.
For the foregoing
reasons, we conclude that the committee had sufficient evidence before it from
which it could reasonably conclude that Simmons was guilty as charged.
By the Court.—Order
affirmed.
This opinion will not be
published. See Rule 809.23(1)(b)5, Stats.