COURT OF APPEALS DECISION DATED AND RELEASED AUGUST 6, 1996 |
NOTICE |
A party may file with the
Supreme Court a petition to review an adverse decision by the Court of
Appeals. See § 808.10 and
Rule 809.62, Stats. |
This opinion is subject to
further editing. If published, the
official version will appear in the bound volume of the Official Reports. |
No. 96-0068-CR
STATE
OF WISCONSIN IN COURT OF
APPEALS
DISTRICT III
STATE OF WISCONSIN,
Plaintiff-Respondent,
v.
DAVID A. CHADWICK,
Defendant-Appellant.
APPEAL from a judgment
and an order of the circuit court for Bayfield County: ROBERT E. EATON, Judge. Affirmed.
Before Cane, P.J.,
LaRocque and Myse, JJ.
PER
CURIAM. David Chadwick appeals a judgment convicting him of
armed robbery, six counts of intentionally pointing a firearm at another, and
three counts of possessing a controlled substance. He also appeals an order denying his postconviction motions. Chadwick argues that he was denied effective
assistance of counsel when his trial attorney waived his right to poll the jury
without first consulting him and for failing to seek a hearing pursuant to Franks
v. Delaware, 438 U.S. 154 (1978), in order to suppress evidence
obtained as the result of a search warrant based on false information. Chadwick also argues that his new-found
religious beliefs constitute a "new factor" justifying a reduced
sentence. We reject these arguments and
affirm the judgment and order.
To prevail on a claim of
ineffective assistance of counsel, Chadwick must establish that his counsel's
performance was deficient and that the deficient performance prejudiced the
defense. Strickland v. Washington,
466 U.S. 668, 687 (1984). To establish
prejudice, Chadwick must show that there is a reasonable probability that, but
for counsel's unprofessional errors, the result of the proceedings would have
been different. A reasonable
probability is a probability sufficient to undermine confidence in the
outcome. Id. at 694.
Chadwick has not
established any prejudice from his trial attorney's decision not to poll the
jury. The court instructed the jury
that it must be unanimous as to each verdict before its verdicts could be
legally received. After the court read
the verdicts, it asked "Are these the verdicts of you all, so say you all?" The foreperson answered,
"Yes." The record discloses
no basis for believing that the jury disregarded the court's instruction or
that the foreman misrepresented the verdict of any of the jurors. In the absence of any evidence that the jury
was not unanimous, Chadwick can show no prejudice from his counsel's
decision. See State v.
McMahon, 168 Wis.2d 68, 96, 519 N.W.2d 621, 632 (Ct. App. 1994).
Chadwick has established
neither deficient performance nor prejudice from his counsel's decision not to seek
a Franks hearing to suppress evidence seized through an allegedly
improper search warrant. This issue was
not properly preserved because Chadwick's attorney at the time a suppression
motion would have been filed was not called as a witness at the postconviction
hearing to explain his decision.
Counsel's performance will not be reviewed absent his testimony at the
postconviction hearing. See State
v. Machner, 92 Wis.2d 797, 802, 285 N.W.2d 905, 907 (Ct. App.
1979). In addition, the search warrant
is supported by adequate probable cause even if the challenged statements are
not considered.
Evidence regarding
Chadwick's new-found religious beliefs do not constitute a "new
factor" justifying resentencing.
Whether a set of facts constitutes a new factor is a matter of law that
we decide without deference to the trial court. State v. Michels, 150 Wis.2d 94, 97, 441 N.W.2d
278, 279 (Ct. App. 1989). A new factor
must be one that has a close connection to the sentence and strikes at the very
purpose of the sentence chosen by the trial court. Id. At the
sentencing hearing, the trial court heard evidence of Chadwick's new-found
religious beliefs. While the court
expressed skepticism, it did not base the sentencing decision on that
factor. Rather, it concluded that his
religious beliefs were matters of the soul to which it attached no legal
significance. Because additional
evidence of Chadwick's religious beliefs does not have a close connection to
the sentence or strike at the very purpose of the sentence chosen by the court,
it is not a new factor justifying resentencing. Chadwick's testimony at the postconviction hearing related mostly
to his good behavior in prison. This
information should be presented to the parole board. It does not constitute a new factor justifying resentencing. See State v. Ambrose,
181 Wis.2d 234, 240, 510 N.W.2d 758, 761 (Ct. App. 1993).
By the Court.—Judgment
and order affirmed.
This opinion will not be
published. See Rule 809.23(1)(b)5, Stats.